Technology

Executive summary

Anthropic’s near-$1 trillion valuation and 10 GW of pre-secured compute confirm that frontier AI leadership is converging on balance-sheet scale and chip access, hardening a compute oligopoly. The EU’s €200 billion Chips Act 2.0—anchored by a proposed €30 billion 3 nm foundry and up to five AI gigafactories—positions Europe to localize advanced nodes and rebalance semiconductor power by the early 2030s. Nvidia and Microsoft’s Arm-based Windows PCs, paired with local AI agents, point to a shift of inference from cloud to device and pressure on x86 share within 6–18 months. Room-temperature quantum entanglement from Stanford and Brown removes cryogenic barriers, opening a plausible path to commercial quantum communication and sensing pilots over three to five years.